Abstract: Amethod for constructing a community for ex situ conservation of the rare and endangered plants in the Three Gorge Reservoir Area was proposed.The principles and methods of choosing habitat and determining area, species component and community structure were discussed.According to the results of investigation of the archaic and relict communities of the rare and endangered plants in the Three Gorge Reservoir Area and its adjacent area, a community for ex situ conservation in a unique habitat of Jiugongshan Nature Reserve was designed.The community area was about 300 0 m2 and dominant species were Davidia involucrata, Dipteronia sinensis, Tetracentron sinensis and Tapiscia sinensis.There were35species of the rare and endangered plants of the Three Gorge Reservoir Area and more than 70 species of other plants in the community.The community structure and the patterns of plants populations will be developed step by step with the growth of the plants in the community.