Content of Endogenous Phytohormones and Isoenzymes of Peroxidase in Male and Female Pistacia chinensis Plants Bunge Leaves
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摘要: 为揭示黄连木(Pistacia chinensis Bunge)不同性别植株的生理差异,以雌株和雄株叶片为试材,对叶片赤霉素(GA3)、脱落酸(ABA)、吲哚-3-乙酸(IAA)、亚精胺(Spd)、精胺(Spm)和腐胺(Put)含量变化及过氧化物酶同工酶进行了测定。结果表明,黄连木雌、雄株叶片GA3含量在6至9月均达到极显著差异,含量均在10月8日达到最大值,分别为100.9 μg/g FW和92.9 μg/g FW;雄株叶片ABA含量均高于雌株,雌、雄株叶片ABA含量在5月21日和7月8日达到极显著差异,5月21日均为最小值,含量分别为222.0 ng/g FW和340.1 ng/g FW;雄株叶片IAA含量均高于雌株,雌、雄植株叶片中IAA含量在8月8日达到极显著差异,9月8日达到最大值,分别为984.8 ng/g FW和1000.6 ng/g FW;雌株GA3/ABA的比值在7月至9月极显著高于雄株,9月8日差异值最大,为42.8;雌、雄株叶片IAA/ABA在5月21日差异值最大,为0.54;雌、雄株叶片Spd含量存在显著或极显著差异,均在7月8日达到最大值,分别为47.9 μg/g FW和42.8 μg/g FW;雄株叶片Spm含量均大于雌株,雌、雄株叶片Spm含量在10月8日达到极显著差异,均在7月8日出现最大值,分别为24.3 μg/g FW和34.5 μg/g FW;雄株叶片Put含量在各个时期均低于雌株,雌、雄株叶片Put含量除5月21日外,存在显著或极显著差异,在9月8日均达到最大值,分别为156.0 μg/g FW和135.1 μg/g FW。雌、雄株叶片、叶柄过氧化物酶同工酶有显著差异,雌株叶片过氧化物酶同工酶有5条带,分别为POD-1、POD-2、POD-3、POD-4、POD-5;雄株叶片只有4条带,分别为POD-2、POD-3、POD-4、POD-5;雌株叶柄内的过氧化物酶同工酶有4条带,分别为POD-1'、POD-3'、POD-4'、POD-5',雄株叶柄内的过氧化物酶同工酶有3条带,分别为POD-2'、POD-4'、POD-5'。POD-1为雌株叶片特有条带,POD-1'、POD-3'为雌株叶柄特有条带,POD-2'为雄株叶柄特有条带。通过试验得出,黄连木叶片中ABA、IAA、Spd、Spm和Put含量与性别有关,叶片和叶柄的POD同工酶条带也是鉴别黄连木性别的有效指标。Abstract: To reveal the physiology differences in male and female plants of Pistacia chinensis Bunge, the contents of gibberellin (GA3), abscisic acid (ABA), indole-3-aceticacid (IAA), spermidine (Spd), spermine (Spm), putrescine (Put) and peroxidase isoenzyme in the leaves and petioles of male and female plants were determined. The contents of GA3 in female and male plants reached maximum values of 100.9 μg/g FW and 92.9 μg/g FW, respectively, on October 8, and showed very significant differences from June to September. The leaf ABA contents in male plants were higher than that in female plants, and showed very significant differences on May 21 and July 8, and reached minimum values of 222.0 ng/g FW and 340.1 ng/g FW, respectively, on May 21. The leaf IAA contents in male plants were higher than that in female plants, with the contents in female and male maximum values of 984.8 ng/g FW and 1000.6 ng/g FW, respectively, reached on September 8, and very significant differences exhibited on August 8. The ratios of leaf GA3/ABA in female plants were very significantly higher than that in male plants from July to September, and reached a maximum difference value of 42.8 on September 8. The maximum difference value of leaf IAA/ABA in male and female plants was 0.54 on May 21. The contents of Spd in female and male plants reached maximum values of 47.9 μg/g FW and 42.8 μg/g FW, respectively, in July, and there existed significant or very significant differences. The leaf Spm contents in male plants were higher than that in female plants, showing very significant differences on October 8 and reaching maximum values of 24.3 μg/g FW and 34.5 μg/g FW, respectively. The leaf Put contents in male plants were lower than that in female plants, with significant or very significant differences observed (except on May 21), and maximum values of 156.0 μg/g FW and 135.1 μg/g FW, respectively, on September 8. Significant differences were observed in peroxidase isoenzymes among male and female leaves and petioles. The peroxidase isoenzyme bands in female plant leaves were POD-1, POD-2, POD-3, POD-4, and POD-5, but the male plants bands were POD-2, POD-3, POD-4, and POD-5. The peroxidase isoenzyme bands in female plant petioles were POD-1', POD-3', POD-4', and POD-5', but the male plant bands were POD-2', POD-4', and POD-5'. The POD-1 was the endemic band in female plants leaves; POD-1' and POD-3' were the endemic bands in female plant petioles, and POD-2' was the endemic band in male plant petioles.From the above trial, we obtained the conclusions that the leaf ABA, IAA, Spd, Spm and Put contents were related to P. chinensis Bunge sex, and the peroxidase isoenzyme bands in leaves and petioles were the efficiency index to identify sex of P. chinensis Bunge.
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