Abstract: The paper gives a brief introduction to the relations between the natural geological feature and the vegetation of Shanxi Province, analyses in detail the family, genera, particular species and single species and genera of Shanxi flora, and briefly discusses the origination, development and the genera geological distribution of these compositions.The second main point of the paper is the analysis of the relation between Shanxi flora and the other flora in our country. Through the analysis we can see that the origination and development of the composition of Shanxi flora is interpenetrated and crisscrossed with other flora composition at home and has close relations with other flora of the world in varying degrees.The third point of the paper discusses the origination of Shanxi flora. Through many facts and examples it proves that the composition of Shanxi flora is complicated. Its origination is old and it emerged in the Tertiary period, about25 million years or 5 million years ago. Its temperate zone compositions are absolutely superior. It includes a number of compositions of Europe-Asia coatinent, the Himalayas and East Asia. It still retains some subtropical compositions and compositions which have close relation with the tropics. These composi tions belong to the descendants and remainders of the tropical flora of the Tertiary period.