Abstract: Anatomical and histochemical methods were used to investigate the structure of vegetative organsand the location of terpenoids and flavonoids in Chloranthus multistachys Pei.The root cortex cells showed a disordered arrangement and had larger intercellular spaces;the stem cortex cells also showed a disordered arrangement and the stem phloem was surrounded by strands of fiber;leaves had a bifacial structure,palisade tissue and sponge tissue were clearly differentiated,there were no hairs on the upper and lower epidermis of the leaf,and the stomatal apparatuses were of anomocytic type and occurred only on the lower epidermis.The histochemistry results of terpenoids and flavonoids localization were similar in the vegetative organs in Chloranthus multistachys Pei,both of which were mainly distributed in the cortex of the root,the cortex of the stem and phloem cells.