Abstract: Adonis amurensis is perennial herb, Its roots are nearly primary structure in the whole life, Primary Xylems of main root and lateral roots of one year seedling are diarch. The adventitious roots of two to many year plants are diarch, triarch, quadrarch and pentareh, The branches of the adventitions root are the same as lateral roots of main root, The roots have two growing periods in one year. One is after flower period or early fruit period in spring. Many new adventitious roots arise from the base nods of new shoot; some new branches arise from the old adventitious roots and some root tops of the old one may grow continously, The other is underground growing period in autumn, usually no new adventitious roots arising, Between two periods there is a dormancy period in summer. The eolour of new roots changes from white to yellow or brown. The growth stops in winter foreedly. Studying on the developmental morphology of Adonis amurensis has theoretical meaning and practical prospect.