紫堇属(<em>Corydalis</em> DC.)植物的种子形态及其分类学意义

刘文平; 王东

紫堇属(Corydalis DC.)植物的种子形态及其分类学意义

刘文平,
王东

Seed Morphology and Its Taxonomic Significance in Corydalis DC.(Papaveraceae) from Hubei Province,China

摘要

摘要: 在光学显微镜下研究了湖北产紫堇属(Corydalis DC.)15种及2变型的种子形态特征。结果表明,其种子小,近圆形、扁圆形或肾形,黑色或深棕色,具油质体。油质体帽状、扇形、条形或不规则,紧贴种子表面或分离。根据种子表面形态,种子可分为4种类型:(1)表面光滑,如大叶紫堇(C.temulifolia Franch.)、川东紫堇(C.acuminata Franch.)、巴东紫堇(C.hemsleyana Franch.ex Prain)、北岭黄堇(C.fargesii Franch.)、鄂西黄堇(C.shennongensis H.Chuang)和小药八旦子(C.caudata(Lam.)Pers.);(2)表面具刺或疣状突起,如阜平黄堇(C.wilfordii Regel)、小花黄堇(C.racemosa(Thunb.)Pers.)、地锦苗(C.sheareri S.Moore)和珠芽地锦苗(C.sheareri S.Moore f.bulbillifera Hand.-Mazz.);(3)表面具凹点状印痕,如刻叶紫堇(C.incisa(Thunb.)Pers.)、紫堇(C.edulis Maxim.)、地柏枝(C.cheilanthifolia Hemsl.)、蛇果黄堇(C.ophiocarpa Hook.f.et Thoms.)、北越紫堇(C.balansae Prain)和延胡索(C.yanhusuo(Y.H.Chou et C.C.Hsu)W.T.Wang ex Z.Y.Su et C.Y.Wu);(4)表面具凹点状印痕,并被有疣状突起,如伏生紫堇(C.decumbens(Thunb.)Pers.)。种子大小、形状和表面形态以及油质体形态在种内相对稳定,对一些物种的划分具有较重要的意义。

Abstract: The seed morphological characteristics of 17 Corydalis DC.taxa(Papaveraceae) from Hubei Province of China were examined by light microscopy and their taxonomic significance was evaluated.Seeds examined were suborbicular,oblate,or reniform,0.87-2.12 mm long,0.99-2.06 mm wide,black or dark brown,with elaiosome.Elaiosome large or small,galericulate,flabellate,clavate,and irregular,folded back over seed or not.Based on the features of the seed surface,four types of seeds were identified:(i) smooth(C.temulifolia Franch.,C.acuminata Franch.,C.hemsleyana Franch.ex Prain,C.fargesii Franch.,C.shennongensis H.Chuang,and C.caudata(Lam.)Pers.);(ii) spinulose or with small tubercles(C.wilfordii Regel,C.racemosa(Thunb.)Pers.,C.sheareri S.Moore,and C.sheareri S.Moore f.bulbillifera Hand.-Mazz.);(iii) finely reticulate with small pitted or linear depressions(C.incisa(Thunb.) Pers.,C.edulis Maxim.,C.cheilanthifolia Hemsl.,C.ophiocarpa Hook.f.et Thoms.,C.balansae Prain,and C.yanhusuo(Y.H.Chou et C.C.Hsu) W.T.Wang ex Z.Y.Su et C.Y.Wu);and(iv) with pitted depressions and covered with small tubercles(C.decumbens(Thunb.) Pers.).These results provide diagnosing data for the taxonomy of Corydalis at specific levels.Seed morphological features of several newly recorded taxa from Hubei Province are reported and their possible implication for determination is discussed.

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