采用秋水仙碱创制优质、抗热同源四倍体不结球白菜

Induction of Autotetraploid Non-heading Chinese Cabbage with High-quality and Heat-tolerance by Colchicine

摘要: 以不同浓度秋水仙素处理二倍体不结球白菜(Brassica campestris ssp.chinensisMakino)子叶生长点,对变异株进行了形态解剖学、农艺学、细胞学及营养品质鉴定。结果表明:0.1 mol/L秋水仙素处理6次的效果最佳。与二倍体相比,四倍体植株、气孔、花器官均表现巨大性;气孔密度、结实率显著降低;四倍体白菜蛋白质、可溶性糖和维生素C含量比二倍体分别增加15.69%、71.25%和22.18%;夏季高温条件下四倍体表现出良好的丰产性和抗热性。

Abstract: Diploid plants of non-heading Chinese cabbage(Brassica campestris ssp.chinensis Makino)were induced by treating the apical portion of seedlings with different solution of colchicine.Autotetraploid plants were selected and identified based on morphological,anatomic,agronomic and cytological characters and nutritional traits.The results indicated that the treatment with 0.1 mol/L colchicine for(6 times)yielded the highest doubled chromosome at highest rates.Compared with the diploid plant,the autotetraploid plants possessed gigantism in plant,stomata,flowering organs.The density of stomata and fecundity were recede remarkably.The contents of protein,solubility sugar and vitamin C of the autotetraploid plants were increased by 15.69%,71.25% and 22.18% than that of diploid,respectively.The autotetraploid plants performed high-fertility and heat-tolerance under high temperature in summer.