Abstract: This paper gives a supplemental explain about the traditional concept of ‘endemic plant’ and a preliminary statistics of taxas of spermatophyte endemic to China in Sichuan region.The statistics shows that there are 129 endemic genera and 12 endemic families in this region,which is a high proportion of the endemic taxas of spermatophyte in China.Although a part of them is herbage,but there is a big proportion of woody life type which accounts for about one third of both types and belongs to the primitive paleoendemic components,it gives that the flora in Sichuan is very old and has a long history of its development.The endemic taxas are very rich in the mountain area around the basin and lack in the center of basin or the west plateau of Sichuan.The distribution of endemic taxas in Sichuan could be divided into three abundant areas:south west,south-east and north-east regions.The south-west region has more tertiary endemics and others own more paleoendemics.The similarities of endemic genera between Sichuan and the adjacent areas imply the integrality of their flora,and its abundance reflects the biodiversity of the flora in Sichuan.