Abstract: Changes in five water-soluble and four fat-soluble effective components in different vegetative organs of triennial Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge.cultivars were surveyed for one season.Expect for salvianolic acid B and rosmarinic acid content in above-ground parts of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge.significantly higher and lower,respectively,than in the roots in August,the content of the two effective components in the two vegetative organs were not statistically significant in the other seasons.However,danshensu,protocatechuic aldehyde,and caffeic acid content in above-ground parts were significantly higher than those in roots in the whole season.During June to August,the accumulations of the five water-soluble effective components were changed significantly in above-ground parts,although were not significant in roots over the entire season.Moreover,in the whole season,variations of both tanshinone ⅡA and cryptotanshinone content in the roots were not predominant,yet both dihydro-tanshinone and tanshinone Ⅰ content gradually increased.The results showed that triennial Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge.can be harvested in autumn,and its high accumulations of water-soluble effective components in the above-ground parts are worth exploitation.