Abstract: Forty-eight kiwifruit cultivars and selections mostly developed in China were investigated using nine pairs of SSR primers selected from 16 highly polymorphic SSR loci. Two hundred and thirteen alleles were detected from nine polymorphism loci, and all cultivars were uniquely discriminated by SSR fingerprintings. High genetic diversity was observed in these kiwifruit cultivars and SSR markers shows a good ability for kiwifruit cultivars identification measured by discrimination power test. In this study, a great number of common alleles were found both Actinidia chinensis and A.deliciosa, suggesting a close relationship of these two taxa. This study provided a benchmark reference for establishment of molecular identification system and for further uses in breeding program conservation strategy of kiwifruit cultivars, and also supplemented useful informations for understanding the relationship between A.chinensis and A.deliciosa.