Abstract: In this paper,4 assessment indexes of synthetic assessment value of the rare and threa tened wild plant conservation grade, i.e.,Threatened Coefficient (Ct),Genetic Coefficient (Cg), Specific Value Coefficient (Cs) and Bio-character Coefficient (Cb) were used, we studied the conservation priority of 50 rare and threatened plant species in Jiangxi Province. The quantitative study indicates that the 50 rare and threatened species are assessed into 4 conservation grades, which shows certain variation from the grade assessment in the book "The Rare and Endangered Plants in China" and "The Red book of Plants in China". Ten species, e.g., Euchresta japonica, Cercidiphyllum japonicum etc., fall into the first conservation class, occupying 20.00% of the total. Among the above mentioned 10 species, there are 2 species, i.e., Phoebe chekiangensis and Pseudolarix gaussonii are the vulnerable species. Twenty six species such as E. japonica, C. japonicum, Bretschneidera sinensis and Halesia macgregorii, occupying 52.00% of the total, are assessed as the second conservation class. Among these species, the E. japonica Hook. f. et Regel is a threatened species. Twelve species such as Magnolia sieboldii,Tsoongiodendron odo rum, etc., are listed in the third conservation class, occupying 24.00% of the total; Among which there are 4 rare species, such as Tapsicia sinensis, T. odorum, etc. and 8 vulnerable species, such as M. sieboldii and P. bournei, etc. The rest 2 species e.g., Dysosma versipellis and Glycine soja which are all vulnerable species are excluded from the priority conservation enumeration in Jiangxi Province.