Abstract: A new species of Orchidaceae,Renanthera sinica Z.J.Liu et S.C.Chen is described and illustrated based on a cultivated plant collected from Wenshan County of Yunnan,China.This new species is akin to Renanthera imschootiana Rolfe,from which it differs by having much thicker and narrower leaves 9-11 mm wide,yellowish flowers sparsely spotted with purple-red,narrower lateral sepals 4.5-5.5 mm wide,and a mid-lobe of the lip semiglobose-saccate on the upper half.A key to Chinese species of Renanthera is provided.