Abstract: Cinnamomum wilsonii Gamble is endemic to China, and very rich in Hubei Province. The plant materials were collected from west Hubei. The essential oil were extracted from fresh leaves by steam distillation. The chemical structures of 47 constituents in the essential oil have been identified by means of GC-MS technique, among which the major components are cinnamic aldehyde (16.46%) and cinnamyl acetate (21.14%). The result indicates that it is new important resource plant for cinnamic aldehyde.