Abstract: According to incomplete statistics, there are about 52 rare and endangered species in Chongqing, comparing to China, the proportion is13%.According to different principles, there are3 pteridophyte species and14gymnosperm species and35angiosperm species;5first- protection species and 23second- protection species and 24 third- protection species;5endangered species and 22 rare species and25threatened species among 52 species.Comparing to China, there proportion are23.1%, 19.7%, 11.5%, 62.5%, 14.5%, 10.8% ;4.1%, 20.0%, 15.9%, respectively.Chongqing also owns 28 rare and endangered species that will be published in a short time.