新型小麦胞质不育系花粉败育的细胞学观察
A CYTOLOGICAL OBSERVATION ON POLLEN ABORTION IN A NEW TYPIC CYTOPLASMIC MALE-STERILE WHEAT
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摘要: 观察了1种新型小麦细胞质雄性不育系(CMS)──(野生二粒小麦)中国春CMS花药和花粉败育的细胞学过程。结果表明,①不育系在小孢子发育至单核晚期以前,除了雄蕊心皮化发生率(37.2%)较高外,其花药和花粉发育绝大多数与同核保持系相似,是正常的,仅少量表现异常而导致败育。异常现象主要有:雄蕊心皮化,药室合并,药壁组织喙状突起,绒毡层异常,小孢子母细胞粘连,减数分裂异常,小孢子异常等。②不育系花粉败育在发育各个时期都发生,但大量败育发生在单核晚期,小孢子不能进入配子体发育,花粉以典败为主。Abstract: Anther and pollen abortion in male-sterile wheat(‘cs') having Triticum dicoccoides-nudigl cytoplasm were studied in this paper. The results obtained were summarized as follows. (l) Before later stage of uninucleate, 37.2 percent of stamen were pistillody,except it,most of the microspore and anther of male-sterile line developed in the similiar manner to that of maintainer line,and only a few of them revealed various abnormalities and led to the abortion. (2) Pollen abortion in male-sterile line might occurin various stages of microsporogenesis. However,most of pollen in male-sterile line degenerated at later uninucleate stage,so that the microspores at this stage failed to carryon the male gametogenesis in many cases.