Abstract: Three variety cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.):One pet-resistant cotton variety ’DP99B’(DP) and two(colored) cotton varieties ’Lüxu 1’(LV) and ’Zongxu 1’(ZH) were used.The materials in germination stage were heat shocked and were sowed in the field.After natural high temperature,the different kinds and content of HSPs were(detected) and heat shock in early stage could attach a relation to boll retention and final yields.Results showed that heat shock treatment in early growing period benefited the abundance of HSPs in cotton(leaves) in high temperature season,and then increased the ability thermo-tolerance.The result showed that the final investigation of boll retention rate decreased by 3.89%,0.91%,1.96%,in the variety of DP,LV and ZH,respectively,comparing treatment with control.For the yield of seed cotton,differences(between) varieties were significant.The yield of seed cotton of DP and LV increased by 15.8 kg/667 m² and 8.4 kg/667 m²,while ZH decreased 13.6 kg/667 m² to control.