Abstract: The vessel elements in rachis of Pteris vittata are observed and studied in this paper.The result shows that all of the vessel elements are very long.The scalariform perforation plates which are very long and gradient are in the either of end wall of vessel elements,there are a lot of perforations without pit membrane in these plates.The scalariform perforation plate in the P.vittata differs greatly from the scalariform pitting in side wall in conformation and structure.It is discussed that the vessel elements and the scalariform perforation plate in P.vittata.