Diversity characteristics of bryophytes in different succession stages on the karst bauxite tailing piles
-
摘要: 按空间代替时间序列的方法，对贵州省修文县小山坝岩溶型铝土矿区尾矿堆5个不同自然演替阶段苔藓植物多样性进行了研究。结果显示：（1）苔藓植物共有11科18属31种，其中藓类9科16属29种，苔类2科2属2种。在演替过程中，苔藓植物生活型单一，仅矮丛集型（占67.7%）和交织型（占32.3%），矮丛集型占优势地位。苔藓植物物种组成简单，纯群落较多，混合群落随演替阶段逐渐增多。（2）不同自然演替阶段苔藓植物群落Shannon-Wiener指数、Pielou均匀度指数和丰富度指数有所不同，裸岩阶段最低（0.196、0.283和-1.930），草灌丛阶段最高（3.470、1.281和2.342），乔灌木阶段逐渐下降（2.128、0.887和1.267）。苔藓植物种的替代速率与相似性变化趋势相反。小山坝岩溶型铝土矿区尾矿堆苔藓植物多样性在5个不同自然演替阶段呈先上升后下降的变化规律，多样性水平总体呈上升趋势，研究结果可为岩溶型铝土矿区生态恢复和生物多样性保护提供基础资料。Abstract: Based on spatial replacing temporal series, we studied the diversity of the bryophytes in five different natural succession stages in the karst bauxite tailing piles of the Xiaoshanba Bauxite Deposit, Xiuwen County, Guizhou Province. Results showed that:(1) There were 31 taxa of bryophytes belonging to 18 genera and 11 families, of which there were 29 taxa of mosses belonging to 16 genera and 9 families, and 2 taxa of liverworts belonging to 2 genera and 2 families. In the succession stages, the bryophyte life forms were simple, with short turfs the dominant life form, accounting for 67.7%, and the wefts accounting for 32.3%. The bryophyte species composition was monotonous, with many single-species communities, though mixed-species communities gradually increased along the succession stages. (2) The bryophyte indices were different in different natural succession stages, with the Shannon-Wiener Index, Pielou Index, and Abundance Index all lowest (0.196, 0.283, and -1.930, respectively) in the bare rock stage, and the highest (3.470, 1.281, and 2.342, respectively) in the herbosa-boscage stage. The diversity indices then gradually declined (2.128, 0.88, and 1.267, respectively) in the arbor-shrub stage. The Cody Index and Sørensen Similarity Index showed the opposite tendencies. The faster the replacement rate of species, the smaller was the similarity in the two adjacent succession stages. In the five different natural succession stages, the change in bryophyte diversity demonstrated a regular tendency, whereby the level of diversity increased at first, then decreased gradually on the karst bauxite tailing piles. Generally, the level of bryophyte diversity improved. These findings provide basic information for the ecological restoration and biodiversity conservation of the karst bauxite mining area.
-
Keywords:
- Bryophytes /
- Diversity /
- Natural succession /
- Tailing piles /
- Karst bauxite
-
-
[1] 尹努寻,朱学书,杨秀丽. 贵州铝土矿开采技术条件及其对矿山地质环境的制约[J]. 贵州地质,2012, 29(3):210-213. Yin NX, Zhu XS, Yang XL. Mining technical condition and its restriction to the mine geological environment of bauxite deposit in Guizhou[J]. Guizhou Geology, 2012, 29(3):210-213.
[2] 龙朝波,张朝晖. 平果岩溶型铝土矿区苔藓多样性及对金属污染的监测指示[J]. 安全与环境学报,2016, 16(5):358-363. Long CB, Zhang ZH. Diversity of the bryophytes and their function in monitoring metal contamination in the karst bauxite area in Guangxi[J]. Journal of Safety and Environment, 2016, 16(5):358-363.
[3] 潘莎,张朝晖. 废弃汞矿山苔藓植物群落生态研究[J]. 植物研究,2011, 31(2):241-248. Pan S, Zhang ZH. Bryophyte communities from abandoned mercury mine in eastern Guizhou Province[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2011, 31(2):241-248.
[4] 吴玉环,程国栋,高谦.苔藓植物的生态功能及在植被恢复与重建中的作用[J]. 中国沙漠, 2003, 23(3):215-220. Wu YH, Chen GD, Gao Q. Bryophyte's ecology functions and its significances in revegetation[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2003, 23(3):215-220.
[5] Veste M. The importance of biological soil crusts for rehabilitation of degraded arid and semi-arid ecosystems[J]. Sci Soil Water Cons, 2005, 3(4):42-47.
[6] 樊燕,黎祖尧,范承芳,范方礼,施建敏,杨清培,杨光耀,柯国庆. 石灰岩山地淡竹林演替序列的群落物种多样性[J]. 生态学杂志,2014, 33(12):3238-3244. Fan Y, Li ZY, Fan CF, Fan FL, Shi JM, Yang QP, Yang GY, Ke GQ. Species diversity along the succession series from bamboo forest to broad-leaved forest in a limestone mountain[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2014, 33(12):3238-3244.
[7] Mandle NA, Kessler M, Gradstein SR. Effects of environmental heterogeneity on species diversity and composition of terrestrial bryophyte assemblages in tropical montane forests of southern Ecuador[J]. Plant Ecol Divers, 2009, 2(3):313-321.
[8] 侯荣,张华,弋灵均,刘剑刚,吕蕊,王颖. 辽东山地古石河冰缘地貌森林生态系统苔藓物种多样性研究[J]. 植物科学学报,2016, 34(6):857-872. Hou R, Zhang H, Yi LJ, Liu JG, Lü R, Wang Y. Study on epiphytic bryophytes species diversity of forest ecosystems in the ancient rock stream periglacial landform of the liaoning eastern mountains[J]. Plant Science Journal, 2016, 34(6):857-872.
[9] Romanski J, Pharo EJ. Epiphytic bryophytes and habitat variation in montaner rainforest, Peru[J]. Bryologist, 2011, 114(4):720-731.
[10] 田晔林,李俊清,石爱平,于建军,王文和. 北京百花山自然保护区树附生苔藓植物物种多样性[J]. 生态学杂志,2013, 32(4):838-844. Tian YL, Li JQ, Shi AG, Yu JJ, Wang WH. Species diversity of epiphytic bryophytes in Baihua mountain national nature reserve, Beijing[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2013, 32(4):838-844.
[11] 籍烨,张朝晖. 林歹二矿岩溶型铝土矿区藓类植物多样性及其生态分布特征研究[J]. 中国岩溶,2015, 34(6):599-606. Ji Y, Zhang ZH. Biodiversity of bryophytes and their characteristics of ecological distribution in the second Lindai karst bauxite area[J]. Carsologica Sinica, 2015, 34(6):599-606.
[12] 彭丽芬,李新贵. 贵阳市修文县森林资源现状分析及建议[J]. 四川勘察计, 2010(3):16-19. Peng LF, Li GX. Analysis on the actuality of forest resource in Xiuwen County[J]. Sichuan Forestry Exploration and Design, 2010(3):16-19.
[13] 张朝晖,陈家宽,艾伦·培特客斯. 英格兰喀斯特瀑布苔藓植物水生群落生态研究[J]. 水生生物学报,2008, 32(1):134-140. Zhang ZH, Chen JK, Pentecost A. Aquatic communities of bryophytes associated with karst waterfalls in England[J]. Acta Hydro Biologica Sinica, 2008, 32(1):134-140.
[14] 高谦. 中国苔藓志:第1卷[M]. 北京:科学出版社, 1994:1-368. [15] 高谦. 中国苔藓志:第2卷[M]. 北京:科学出版社, 1996:1-293. [16] 黎兴江. 中国苔藓志:第4卷[M]. 北京:科学出版社, 2006:1-263. [17] 吴鹏程. 中国苔藓志:第6卷[M]. 北京:科学出版社, 2002:1-290. [18] 胡人亮,王幼芳. 中国苔藓志:第7卷[M]. 北京:科学出版社, 2005:1-288. [19] 吴鹏程,贾渝. 中国苔藓志:第8卷[M]. 北京:科学出版社, 2004:1-428. [20] 高谦,吴玉环. 中国苔藓志:第9卷[M]. 北京:科学出版社, 2003:1-323. [21] 高谦,吴玉环. 中国苔藓志:第10卷[M]. 北京:科学出版社, 2003:1-464. [22] Koch LF. The journal of the hattori botanical laboratory[J]. Bryologist, 1955, 58(2):155-157.
[23] Peet RK. The measurement of species diversity[J]. Annu Rev Ecol Syst, 1974, 5(1):285-307.
[24] Magurran AE. Ecological Diversity and Its Measurement[M]. New Jersey:Princeton University Press, 1988.
[25] Whittaker RH. Evolution and measurement of species diversity[J]. Taxon, 1972, 21(2/3):213-251.
[26] Yan ZC. Ecotype and life-form[J]. Bull Biol, 2001, 36(5):4-5.
[27] 吴鹏程.苔藓植物生物学[M]. 北京:科学出版社, 1998:1-357. [28] 刘荣相,张朝晖. 贵州东南部喀斯特汞金矿带苔藓植物及其重金属富集特征[J]. 中国岩溶, 2010, 29(1):41-47. Liu RX, Zhang ZH. Bryophytes and its heavy metal accumulation in mercury-gold ore belt in the karst area of south east Guizhou[J]. Carsologica Sinica, 2010, 29(1):41-47.
[29] 籍烨,张朝晖. 喀斯特石漠生态系统不同自然演替阶段中苔藓植物多样性特征分析[J]. 植物科学学报, 2014, 32(6):577-585. Ji Y, Zhang ZH. Analysis of bryophytes diversity features in various successional stages of a karst rocky desertification ecosystem[J]. Plant Science Journal, 2014, 32(6):577-585.
[30] Passariello B, Giuliano V, Quaresima S, Barbaro M, Caroli S, Forte G, Carelli G, Iavicoli I. Evaluation of the environmental contamination at an abandoned mining site[J]. Microchem J, 2002, 73(1-2):245-250.
[31] Wang SQ, Zhang ZH, Wang ZH. Bryophyte communities as biomonitors of environmental factors in the Goujiang karst bauxite, southwestern China[J]. Sci Total Environ, 2015, 538:270-278.
[32] Sand-Jensen K, Kathrine JH, Madsen-Osterbye M, Kragh T. Positive interactions between moss cushions and vascular plant cover improve water economy on Öland's alvar, Sweden[J]. Botany, 2015, 93(3):141-150.
[33] Rambo TR, Muir PS. Forest floor bryophytes of Pseudotsuga menziesii-Tsuga heterophylla stands in Oregon:influences of substrateand overstory[J]. Bryologist, 1998, 101(1):116-130.
[34] 姜炎彬,邵小明. 苔藓植物分布及其物种多样性的研究评述[J]. 武汉植物学研究,2010, 28(3):385-390. Jiang YB, Shao XM. Research review on the distribution and diversity of bryophytes[J]. Journal of Wuhan Botanical Research, 2010, 28(3):385-390.
计量
- 文章访问数: 754
- HTML全文浏览量: 1
- PDF下载量: 919
下载:
