滇龙胆优质种源的性状特征与综合评价

沈涛; 王元忠

doi:10.11913/PSJ.2095-0837.22227

滇龙胆优质种源的性状特征与综合评价

沈涛^1,,
王元忠^2, ,

1.
玉溪师范学院化学生物与环境学院，云南玉溪 653100
2.
云南省农业科学院药用植物研究所，昆明 650200

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（32060086）；云南省中青年学术和技术带头人后备人才项目(202205AC160088)

详细信息

作者简介:
沈涛（1984−），男，博士，副教授，研究方向为药用植物资源评价（Email：st_yxnu@126.com）

通讯作者:
王元忠: E-mail：boletus@126.com

中图分类号: Q949.95
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- HTML全文浏览量: 34
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-08-28
- 修回日期: 2023-06-17
- 网络出版日期: 2023-09-06
- 刊出日期: 2023-08-30

Phenotypic characteristics and comprehensive evaluation of high-quality germplasm resources of Gentiana rigescens Franch. ex Hemsl.

Shen Tao^1,,
Wang Yuan-Zhong^2, ,

1.
College of Chemistry, Biology, and Environment, Yuxi Normal University, Yuxi, Yunnan 653100, China
2.
Institute of Medicinal Plants, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650200, China

Funds: This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32060086) and Young and Middle-aged Academic and Technical Leaders Reserve Talents Program of Yunnan Province (202205AC160088).

摘要

摘要:
为探讨野生滇龙胆（Gentiana rigescens Franch. ex Hemsl.）优质高产植株性状特征，以采自不同地区的877株滇龙胆为研究材料，利用主成分分析（PCA）、层次聚类（HCA）、隶属函数等方法对有效成分产量性状进行评价。结果显示，17个性状中，根部龙胆苦苷产量多样性指数最高，叶部马钱苷酸和当药苷产量的多样性指数较低；结合隶属函数对所有样品进行评分，发现优质高产种源共214株，占总样品数的24.40%，分布于云南、四川和贵州；变量投影重要性准则（VIP）分析表明，云南与四川的优质种源主要性状特征较为接近，均为当药苷、马钱苷酸及6'-O-β-D-葡萄糖基龙胆苦苷高产；贵州优质种源则为獐牙菜苦苷高产。基于3种机器学习算法建立不同等级种源的鉴别模型，结果发现随机森林（RF）算法建立的判别模型的预测精度和稳定性较高，能对不同等级种源进行有效划分。
- 滇龙胆 /
- 高产优质 /
- 隶属函数 /
- 机器学习 /
- 资源评价
Abstract:
We explored the phenotypic characteristics and established a classification strategy of high-quality germplasm resources of wild Gentiana rigescens Franch. ex Hemsl. In total, 887 samples of G. rigescens collected from different regions were used as research materials. Principal component analysis (PCA), hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA), and membership function analysis were used to analyze and evaluate 17 active ingredient yield traits of the roots, stems, and leaves. Results showed that gentiopicroside yield in the roots had the highest Shannon-Wiener index value (I = 1.64), while loganic acid and sweroside acid yields in the leaves had the lowest I values (I = 0.73). Based on D value scoring and membership function analysis, we identified 214 high-quality and high-yield seed sources, accounting for 24.40% of the total sample size, distributed in Yunnan, Sichuan, and Guizhou. Variable importance in projection (VIP) analysis showed similar phenotypic characteristics among the high-quality germplasms in Yunnan and Sichuan, which were characterized by high sweroside, loganic acid, and 6'-O-β-D-glucopyranosylgentiopicroside yield. The high-quality germplasms in Guizhou were characterized by high swertiamarin yield. Among the three different machine learning algorithms, results showed that the discrimination model established using the Random Forest (RF) algorithm had the highest prediction accuracy and stability and could effectively identify different provenances.
- Gentiana rigescens /
- High yield and high quality /
- Membership function /
- Machine learning /
- Resource evaluation
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图 1 滇龙胆样品的聚类分析

Figure 1. Cluster analysis of Gentiana rigescens samples

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 滇龙胆样品偏最小二乘-判别分析得分图（A）与VIP分析图（B）

Figure 2. Loading plot based on PLS-DA (A) and VIP analysis (B) of Gentiana rigescens samples

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 样品偏最小二乘-判别分析得分图（A）与VIP分析图（B）

Figure 3. Loading plot of PLS-DA (A) and VIP analysis (B)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 偏最小二乘判别模型200次置换重要性检验

Figure 4. Two hundred permutations of PLS-DA model

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 正交偏最小二乘判别模型200次置换重要性检验

Figure 5. Two hundred permutations of OPLS-DA model

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 随机森林模型n_tree（A）与m_try（B）的参数筛选

Figure 6. n_tree (A) and m_try (B) screening of RF model

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 滇龙胆有效成分产量性状的多样性指数

Table 1 Shannon diversity index of yield traits of active ingredients in Gentiana rigescens

产量性状 Yield trait	Shannon多样性指数（I） Shannon diversity index
产量性状 Yield trait	根Root	茎Stem	叶Leaf
马钱苷酸	1.51	0.94	0.73
6'-O-β-D-葡萄糖基龙胆苦苷	1.39	1.15	1.02
獐牙菜苦苷	1.53	1.20	1.09
龙胆苦苷	1.64	1.35	1.05
当药苷	1.37	1.56	0.73
异荭草素	−	1.08	1.05

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 基于滇龙胆17个产量性状的主成分分析

Table 2 Principal component analysis results based on 17 yield traits of Gentiana rigescens

成分 Component	初始特征值Eigenvalue
成分 Component	特征值 Eigenvalue	方差贡献率 Contribution of variance / %	累积方差贡献率 Cumulative contribution / %
1	7.619	44.816	44.816
2	2.700	15.885	60.700
3	1.602	9.423	70.123
4	1.187	6.982	77.105
5	0.781	4.592	81.697

下载: 导出CSV

表 3 基于PLS-DA算法的分类建模评价结果

Table 3 Evaluation results of classification model based on PLS-DA algorithm

评价指标 Evaluation parameter	一级 Class 1 / %	二级 Class 2 / %	三级 Class 3 / %	合计 Total / %
训练集正确率	92.00	82.24	89.92	88.05
测试集正确率	92.06	86.11	94.05	90.74
注：一级为优质种源，二级为普通种源，三级为劣质种源。下同。
Notes: Classes 1, 2, and 3 refer to high-quality, moderate-quality, and low-quality germplasms, respectively. Same below.

下载: 导出CSV

表 4 基于OPLS-DA算法的滇龙胆分类模型

Table 4 Evaluation results of classification model based on OPLS-DA algorithm

评价指标 Evaluation parameter	一级 Class 1 / %	二级 Class 2 / %	三级 Class 3 / %	合计 Total / %
训练集正确率	92.48	82.24	89.44	88.05
测试集正确率	92.86	86.51	93.65	91.01

下载: 导出CSV

表 5 基于随机森林算法建立的滇龙胆分类模型

Table 5 Evaluation results of classification model based on RF algorithm

评价指标 Evaluation parameter	一级 Class 1 / %	二级 Class 2 / %	三级 Class 3 / %	合计 Total / %
训练集正确率	95.37	91.21	95.85	94.14
测试集正确率	96.43	92.06	95.63	94.71

下载: 导出CSV

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