Research progress on plant melatonin biosynthesis
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摘要: 褪黑素是生物进化过程中一种保守的小分子物质，在动物体内主要参与昼夜节律调节。国内外学者致力于植物褪黑素的合成途径、生理功能及作用机制研究，发现其参与了植物生长发育（根系发育、果实发育）及细胞氧化还原平衡的调节等。在植物褪黑素合成途径研究方面，已发现褪黑素存在于多种植物中并克隆出其合成相关基因。在不同植物中，褪黑素合成相关蛋白的亚细胞定位存在较大差异，合成部位也因植物种类不同存在差异。本文综述了植物褪黑素的合成途径、亚细胞定位合成调控的研究现状，重点论述了亚细胞定位、酶动力学对合成上游的调控，并对其研究前景进行了展望。Abstract: Melatonin is a conserved small molecule substance in the process of biological evolution and is involved in the regulation of circadian rhythm in animals. Since the discovery of plant melatonin, scholars have studied its synthesis pathways, physiological functions, and mechanisms of action, and found that it is involved in the regulation of plant growth and development (root and fruit development) and cell redox balance. For the plant melatonin synthesis pathway, researchers have found that melatonin exists in a variety of plants and its synthesis-related genes have been cloned. The subcellular localization of melatonin synthesis-related proteins differs among plants, and thus the synthesis site also differs from plant to plant. This article reviews the current status of research on the plant melatonin synthesis pathways, subcellular localization, and synthesis regulation, with a focus on the regulation of subcellular localization and enzyme kinetics in upstream synthesis. We also discuss prospects for future research.
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Keywords:
- Melatonin /
- Plant /
- Subcellular localization /
- Synthesis regulation
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