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肉豆蔻科国家重点保护植物叶片功能性状的研究

Studies on leaf functional traits in key protected plants of Myristicaceae

  • 摘要: 为探究重点保护植物在热带地区的生态适应策略,本研究以肉豆蔻科9种木本植物(5种国家重点保护植物和4种非国家重点保护植物)为研究对象,测定了它们的叶片形态、光合、养分含量及养分重吸收率等22个性状。结果显示:与非重点保护植物相比,重点保护植物的叶片干物质含量、叶片密度和碳含量更低,但叶片更厚、单位叶面积光合速率更高;比叶重、叶脉密度、气孔导度、元素含量、养分重吸收率等多个性状在重点和非重点保护植物间差异不显著。氮含量与氮重吸收率显著正相关。镁含量与比叶重在重点保护植物间显著负相关,镁重吸收率与叶脉密度在重点保护与非重点保护植物间均显著负相关。主成分分析结果表明,对第1主成分贡献较大的性状主要是叶片密度、光合氮利用效率和叶片干物质含量;对第2主成分贡献较大的性状主要是N、P含量和N : P比值。肉豆蔻科植物叶片的N : P比值低于14,说明其生长主要是受N限制而不是P限制。研究结果表明,基于功能性状的研究可以揭示重点保护植物和非重点保护植物间生态适应策略的差异。因此,未来需加强重点和非重点保护植物的生理生态学比较研究。

     

    Abstract: To study the ecological adaptation strategies of key protected plants (KP) in the tropics, this study focused on nine woody plants within the Myristicaceae family, including five KP and four non-KP (NKP) species. Twenty-two traits were measured, including leaf morphology, gas exchange, nutrient concentration, and nutrient resorption efficiency. Results showed that compared to NKP plants, KP plants exhibited lower leaf dry matter content, leaf density, and carbon concentration, but thicker leaves and higher maximum photosynthetic rate on a leaf area basis. However, leaf mass per area, leaf vein density, stomatal conductance, nutrient concentration, and nutrient resorption efficiency did not differ significantly between the plants. Additionally, nitrogen (N) concentration was positively associated with N resorption efficiency. Magnesium (Mg) concentration was negatively correlated with leaf mass per area in KP plants, and Mg resorption efficiency and leaf vein density were negatively correlated in both KP and NKP plants. Principal component analysis revealed that the first principal component was primarily associated with leaf density, photosynthetic N use efficiency, and leaf dry matter content, while the second principal component was mainly associated with N and phosphorus (P) concentrations and the N∶P ratio. The leaf N∶P ratio of Myristicaceae plants was below 14, indicating N-limitation rather than P-limitation to their growth. These findings suggest that studies based on functional traits can reveal differences in ecological adaptation strategies between KP and NKP plants. Further comparative eco-physiological studies should be conducted between KP and NKP plants.

     

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