Ecological function and adaptive significance of staminodes in Delphinium caeruleum Jacq. ex Camb
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摘要: 以蓝翠雀花(Delphinium caeruleum Jacq. ex Camb) 为材料，通过人工去除退化雄蕊，分析了退化雄蕊去除后，植物的访花昆虫数量、花粉数量和质量、植食者啃食率、坐果率及结籽率的变化，以探究植物退化雄蕊的生态功能及其适应性意义。结果显示，人工去除退化雄蕊后，传粉者的访花次数明显降低，雨水冲刷及阳光直射会导致其花粉数量和活力显著下降。与对照相比，去除退化雄蕊还会造成植株坐果率及结籽率显著降低，而对昆虫啃食率没有显著影响。研究结果说明，蓝翠雀花的退化雄蕊是其吸引传粉昆虫的重要器官，可以有效避免雨水冲刷及阳光直射的损害，从而提高繁殖适合度，但不能阻止植食者对花内器官的啃食，退化雄蕊对于蓝翠雀花应对外界极端环境具有重要的适应意义。Abstract: We analyzed changes in the number of visiting insects, pollen quantity and quality, herbivore eating rate, and fruit and seed set ratios after removal of staminodes in a Delphinium caeruleum Jacq. ex Camb population to explore their ecological function and adaptive significance. Results showed that number of visits was significantly reduced after artificial removal of the staminodes, and pollen number and vitality were significantly reduced by rain and solar radiation. Compared with natural conditions, removing the staminodes also significantly reduced the fruit and seed set ratios, but had no significant effect on the herbivore eating rate. These findings indicate that the staminode is an important organ for D. caeruleum to attract pollinators and can improve reproductive fitness by limiting rain and solar radiation damage, but cannot prevent herbivores from eating the internal flower organs. Thus, the staminode may have important adaptive significance for D. caeruleum to cope with unfavorable environmental conditions.
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Keywords:
- Delphinium caeruleum /
- Staminodes /
- Ecological function /
- Adaptive significance
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