Application of UAV images in monitoring flowering coverage and insect visiting activities in wetland plant communities
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摘要: 在群落水平的传粉生态学研究中，使用传统的调查方法对大尺度样地进行定量分析存在一定的局限性，无人机遥感技术可能为此提供一种解决方案。为探讨无人机影像数据应用于群落水平传粉生物学的可行性，本研究以神农架大九湖亚高山湿地草本植物群落为对象，利用消费级无人机获取4个面积在1600~3000 m2的样地在不同季节的可见光影像数据，借助ContextCapture软件拼接影像，采用支持向量机（SVM）的分类方法计算不同颜色花的开花覆盖度，并对16个2 m×2 m样方中访花昆虫的活动进行了实地调查。数据分析结果显示：（1）无人机影像中不同颜色的开花覆盖度与传粉者数量显著相关，并呈指数关系；（2）随着无人机飞行高度的增加，开花覆盖度的观测值呈减小趋势；（3）不同样地中，单位开花面积上的传粉者数量差异不显著。本研究还探讨了通过无人机影像计算开花覆盖度从而监测研究区域的开花季相动态和估算传粉者数量的可行性。Abstract: In studies on pollination ecology at the community level, the use of traditional survey methods for quantitative analysis of large-scale sample plots has certain technical limitations. Here, we explored the feasibility of applying unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) image data to study pollination biology at the herbaceous plant community level in a subalpine wetland of Shennongjia Dajiuhu. The support vector machine (SVM) classification method was used to calculate flowering coverage of different-colored flowers based on UAV visible light images of four sites (1600~3000 m2) across different seasons, which were then combined using ContextCapture software. Combined with field surveys of flower-visiting insect activity within 16 quadrats (2 m×2 m each), the results showed that:(1) Flowering coverage of different-colored flowers in the UAV images was significantly correlated with number of pollinators, showing an exponential relationship. (2) The observed value of flowering coverage showed a decreasing trend with the increase in UAV flight altitude. (3) In the different sample plots, the number of pollinators within a unit flowering area showed no significant differences. We also explored the feasibility of calculating flowering coverage through UAV images to monitor flowering season dynamics in the study area and estimate the number of pollinators.
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