Study on the volatile components in fresh leaves of Michelia martinii Levl. in four seasons
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摘要: 利用气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）技术，对黄心夜合（Michelia martinii Levl.）春、夏、秋、冬4季不同鲜叶挥发油成分及其含量进行了分析研究。结果显示，去掉峰值0.49以下的色谱峰从4个季节黄心夜合鲜叶样品中共鉴定出65种挥发油成分，其中，春、夏、秋、冬4个季节鲜叶分别检测出26种、29种、31种和32种成分，4个季节鲜叶样品共有成分为三环烯、α-蒎烯、莰烯、香桧烯、β-蒎烯等14种。黄心夜合4个季节鲜叶及干燥花蕾中的共有挥发性成分有α-蒎烯、莰烯、β-蒎烯、芳樟醇4种。黄心夜合鲜叶挥发油成分中的α-蒎烯、β-蒎烯、β-月桂烯、β-芳樟醇、芳樟醇、月桂烯含量高，且春季鲜叶挥发油得率最高，最适合挥发油提取。鲜叶具有保健功能，适于四季园林养生配置。本研究黄心夜合4个季节鲜叶挥发油成分差异及季节性变化，可为黄心夜合挥发油提取的季节选择及养生保健群落的营建提供科学依据和指导。Abstract: Volatile components and their contents in fresh Michelia martinii Levl. (MML) leaves in spring, summer, autumn and winter were analyzed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS). We identified 65 volatile compounds from the fresh leaf samples of MML in spring, summer, autumn and winter (peak values below 0.49 were neglected), which belonged to 26, 29, 31 and 32 components, respectively. In the fresh MML leaves, there were 14 common components, including tricyclene, α-pinene, camphene, sabinene, β-pinene, β-myrcene, α-phellandrene, d-limonene, eucalyptol, trans-β-ocimene, eucalyptol, ledol, eudesm-4 and β-linalool. In addition, α-pinene, camphene, β-pinene and linalool were common volatile components found in fresh leaves growing in all four seasons and in dry buds of MML. For essential oil, α-pinene, β-pinene, β-myrcene, β-linalool, linalool and myrcene had the highest contents in fresh leaves, indicating that MML leaves have health benefits and are suitable all year. Fresh leaves of MML in spring exhibited the highest rate of volatile oil extraction. This study on the differences and seasonal changes of volatile components in fresh MML leaves provides a scientific basis and guide for the seasonal selection of volatile oil extraction in MML and the construction of health care communities.
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