Abiotic Stress Response Mechanism of Oilseed Rape (Brassica napus L.) Revealed from Proteomics

Oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) is one of the main oil crops in China. These plants can suffer from various abiotic stresses, such as drought, high temperature, salinity, and nutrient deficiency, which can significantly impact their growth, quality, and yield. In recent years, high-throughput proteomic investigations have provided new clues for understanding the molecular stress response mechanisms in oilseed rape. In this paper, the diverse patterns of 675 stress response proteins in different oilseed rape tissues/organs (e.g., leaves, roots, hypocotyls, and seeds) were analyzed in response to several environmental stresses (i.e.,salt, high temperature, drought, oxalic acid, and nutrient deficiency). They include:(i) perception and transmission of the stress signal by G proteins; (ii) alterations in the abundance of key enzymes involved in carbohydrate and energy metabolism; (iii) alterations in the abundance of chlorophyll synthesis enzymes to regulate photosynthesis; (iv) diverse proteins changed and interaction patterns regulated at the transcriptional, translational, and post translational levels; (v) regulating the plasma membrane proteins (e.g. annexin and V-H⁺-ATPase) to promote the absorption and transport of intracellular substances; (vi) remodeling of the cytoskeleton to maintain cell structure and function; (vii) detoxification of reactive oxygen species by antioxidant enzymes and antioxidants. This study provides important information for understanding the regulatory and metabolic pathways in oilseed rape in response to abiotic stresses.