Abstract: This study presents comprehensive data on the geographical distribution of the genus Pyrola across China, gathered through extensive literature review and specimen analysis. Results showed that: (1) Pyrola is ubiquitously distributed throughout all Chinese provinces, with Jilin and Sichuan recording the highest species counts, each hosting 10 species. (2) The Pyrola genus exhibits a predominant north temperate distribution type, but at the species level, the Chinese endemic distribution type is most common. (3) The altitudinal range of Pyrola spans from sea level to 4 100 m, primarily between 1 500–2 500 m. (4) There is a significant overlap between Pyrola distribution areas and coniferous forests in China, predominantly within boreal coniferous forests, indicating their significance for vegetation restoration.