唇形科苣叶鼠尾草和岩生鼠尾草营养器官的比较解剖结构及其生态适应性

doi:10.11913/PSJ.2095-0837.2022.50598

摘要
图/表
参考文献
相关文章 (15)

全文: PDF (5220 KB) HTML (1 KB)
输出: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

摘要

以苣叶鼠尾草(Salvia sonchifolia C. Y. Wu)和岩生鼠尾草(S. petrophila G. X. Hu, E. D. Liu & Yan Liu)为材料，采用石蜡切片法、光学显微镜和扫描电镜对两个物种营养器官的结构进行观测和比较，研究两者解剖结构特征的差异及其形态结构对环境的适应性。结果显示，两种鼠尾草叶片表皮均具有表皮毛和角质层，气孔仅分布于下表皮。岩生鼠尾草叶片上下表皮细胞厚度、上表皮角质层厚度、栅栏组织和海绵组织厚度、主脉韧皮部和木质部厚度、非腺毛的密度等解剖特征均显著大于苣叶鼠尾草。两种植物初生根的原生木质部均为二原型，其中苣叶鼠尾草无髓部，岩生鼠尾草有髓。根的次生结构均由周皮和次生维管组织构成，其中韧皮部占比较大，薄壁细胞内含淀粉粒。茎的棱角表皮下具有发达的厚角组织，4个棱角下方维管束较大。研究结果表明，苣叶鼠尾草和岩生鼠尾草根的初生结构和叶片解剖结构存在差异，根的初生结构是否有髓、叶片栅栏组织的层数、叶片非腺毛的密度可以作为两个物种的鉴定依据，其营养器官的解剖结构都具有适应旱生环境的特征。相比而言，岩生鼠尾草的耐寒性和抗旱性强于苣叶鼠尾草，但后者更适应阴生和弱光环境。

	服务

	把本文推荐给朋友
	加入我的书架
	加入引用管理器
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	作者相关文章
	罗广令
	廖海民
	胡国雄

关键词 ：鼠尾草属, 营养器官, 解剖结构, 生态适应性, 喀斯特

Abstract：

In this paper, the vegetative organs of Salvia sonchifolia and S. petrophila were observed by paraffin-sectioning, optical microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy to analyze differences in anatomical structures and adaptability to the environment. Results showed that the leaf epidermis of both species was covered by trichomes and a cuticle, and stomata were only distributed in the lower epidermis. Anatomically, the thicknesses of the upper and lower epidermal cells, cuticle on the upper epidermis, palisade tissue, spongy tissue, and phloem and xylem in the midrib, as well as density of non-glandular hairs, were all significantly higher in S. petrophila than in S. sonchifolia. For primary roots, both species had diarch roots and S. petrophila had no pith. For secondary roots, both species contained periderm and secondary vascular tissue, of which the phloem accounted for a large proportion, and the parenchyma cells contained starch grains. The four corners of the stem contained thick collenchymas and large vascular bundles. These results indicated significant differences between the two species in the primary structure of the roots and anatomical structure of the leaves. The presence or absence of pith, number of palisade tissue layers of the leaf, and density of non-glandular hairs of the leaf can be used as diagnostic characters between the species. The anatomical structures of the vegetative organs of S. petrophila and S. sonchifolia were characteristic of adaptations to xeric environments. In contrast, cold and drought resistance was stronger in S. petrophila than in S. sonchifolia, while the latter was more suited to shaded and weak light environments.

Key words： Salvia Vegetative organ Anatomical structure Ecological adaptability Karst

收稿日期: 2022-02-14

ZTFLH:

Q949.777.6

基金资助:

国家自然科学基金(32060048；31600164)。

通讯作者: 胡国雄,E-mail:gxhu@gzu.edu.cn E-mail: gxhu@gzu.edu.cn

作者简介: 罗广令(1995-),女,硕士研究生,研究方向为植物系统学(E-mail:1056324929@qq.com)。

引用本文:

罗广令, 廖海民, 胡国雄. 唇形科苣叶鼠尾草和岩生鼠尾草营养器官的比较解剖结构及其生态适应性[J]. 植物科学学报, 2022, 40(5): 598-609. Luo Guang-Ling, Liao Hai-Min, Hu Guo-Xiong. Anatomical structures of vegetative organs of Salvia sonchifolia C. Y. Wu and S.petrophila G. X. Hu, E. D. Liu & Yan Liu (Lamiaceae) and their ecological adaptability. Plant Science Journal, 2022, 40(5): 598-609.

链接本文:

http://www.plantscience.cn/CN/10.11913/PSJ.2095-0837.2022.50598 或 http://www.plantscience.cn/CN/Y2022/V40/I5/598

[1] 吴征镒,孙雄才.鼠尾草属[M]//吴征镒,李锡文.中国植物志,第66卷.北京:科学出版社, 1977:70-196.
[2] Hu GX, Liu Y, Xu WB, Liu ED. Salvia petrophila sp. nov.(Lamiaceae) from north Guangxi and south Guizhou, China[J]. Nord J Bot, 2014, 32(2):190-195.
[3] Hu GX, Atsuko T, Bryan TD, Liu EN, Soltis DE, Soltis PS. Phylogeny and staminal evolution of Salvia (Lamiaceae, Nepetoideae) in East Asia[J]. Ann Bot, 2018, 122(4):649-668.
[4] 罗广令,顾丽,廖海民,胡国雄.唇形科苣叶鼠尾草的新分布及适生分布区预测[J].西北植物学报, 2021, 41(3):501-508. Luo GL, Gu L, Liao HM, Hu GX. New record of Salvia sonchifolia (Lamiaceae) and prediction of its suitable distribution areas[J]. Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica, 2021, 41(3):501-508.
[5] 孙雪芹,刘玫,孙天航,张欣欣,史传奇.东北堇菜属植物叶形态结构的研究及其分类学价值的探讨[J].草业学报, 2014, 23(2):223-234. Sun XQ, Liu M, Sun TH, Zhang XX, Shi CQ. Morphological study of the leaf structures of Violain northeastern China and discussions of their taxonomic values (Violaceae)[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2014, 23(2):223-234.
[6] 程薪宇,刘玫,张欣欣,王臣,李滨胜.东北毛茛科植物营养器官结构及其系统学意义[J].草业学报, 2014, 23(3):62-74. Cheng XY, Liu M, Zhang XX, Wang C, Li BS. Vegetative organ structures of Ranunculaceae in Northeastern China and notes on systematic implications[J].Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2014, 23(3):62-74.
[7] 孙天航,刘玫,孙雪芹,程薪宇,茹剑.东北委陵菜属植物叶形态结构的研究及其分类学价值的探讨[J].草业学报, 2014, 23(3):75-84. Sun TH, Liu M, Sun XQ, Cheng XY, Ru J. Morphological study of the leaf structures of Potentilla in Northeastern China and its taxonomic value (Rosaceae)[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2014, 23(3):75-84.
[8] 白上圆.金银花及其近缘种金银忍冬的鉴别研究[D].开封:河南大学, 2020:9-12.
[9] Ozdemir C, Baran P, Aktas K. Anatomical studies in Salvia viridis L.(Lamiaceae)[J]. Bangladesh J Plant Taxon, 2009, 16(1):65-71.
[10] 梁莉.东北唇形科植物比较形态学及其分类学意义(Lamiaceae)[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨师范大学, 2013:8-41.
[11] 沈文华,石建明,徐玲玲,冯旭东,关萍.贵州省常见唇形科植物茎和叶比较解剖学研究[J].西北植物学报, 2016, 36(1):59-69. Shen WH, Shi JM, Xu LL, Feng XD, Guan P. Comparative anatomy on the stem and leaf of common Lamiaceae species in Guizhou[J]. Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica, 2016, 36(1):59-69.
[12] 王萌,李国锐.四川鼠尾草属植物的形态学特征比较研究[J].园艺与种苗, 2016(7):13-18. Wang M, Li GR. Comparative study on morphological characters among genus Salvia in Sichuan[J]. Horticulture and Seed, 2016(7):13-18.
[13] 刘瑞振.野生丹参种质资源遗传与形态多样性初步研究[D].杭州:浙江理工大学, 2017:46-57.
[14] 王涛,刘世勇,王龙,王红玉,张利. 11种鼠尾草属叶片和叶柄解剖特征及其分类学意义[J].中国中药杂志, 2014, 39(14):2629-2634. Wang T, Liu SY, Wang L, Wang HY, Zhang L. Anatomical characteristics of laminae and petioles of 11 species of Salvia and their taxonomic significance[J]. China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica, 2014, 39(14):2629-2634.
[15] 王涛,刘世勇,王龙,王红玉,张利. 18种(1变型)鼠尾草属植物叶表皮及表皮毛微形态特征研究[J].广西植物, 2015, 35(2):178-186. Wang T, Liu SY, Wang L, Wang HY, Zhang L. Leaf epidermal and epidermal hair micromorphology of 18 species (1 forma) Salvia species[J]. Guihaia, 2015, 35(2):178-186.
[16] Atalay Z, Celep F, Bara F, Do?an M. Systematic significance of anatomy and trichome morphology in Lamium (Lamioideae; Lamiaceae)[J]. Flora, 2016, 225:60-75.
[17] 胡国雄.唇形科鼠尾草属东亚分支的分子系统学研究[D].北京:中国科学院大学, 2015:35-76.
[18] 吴志军.苣叶丹参脂溶性化学成分[J].中国中药杂志, 2001, 26(4):264-265. Wu ZJ. Lipid chemical constituents of Salvia sonchifolia C. Y. Wu[J]. China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica, 2001, 26(4):264-265.
[19] Zou ZQ, Ning DS, Liu Y, Fu YX, Li LC, Pan ZH. Five new germacrane sesquiterpenes with anti-inflammatory activity from Salvia petrophila[J]. Phytochem Lett, 2022, 47:111-114.
[20] 朱栗琼,徐艳霞,招礼军,袁娟,杨丽梅.喀斯特地区莎叶兰的解剖构造及其环境适应性[J].广西植物, 2016, 36(10):1179-1185. Zhu LQ, Xu YX, Zhao LJ, Yuan J, Yang LM. Anatomical structure and environmental adaptability of Cymbidium cyperifolium in karst area[J]. Guihaia, 2016, 36(10):1179-1185.
[21] 韦玉梅.桂西南中越边境石灰岩地区苔藓植物的初步研究[D].桂林:广西师范大学, 2009:4-5.
[22] 李正理.植物制片技术[M].北京:科学出版社, 1987:10-15.
[23] 吴丽君,李志辉,杨模华,王佩兰.赤皮青冈幼苗叶片解剖结构对干旱胁迫的响应[J].应用生态学报, 2015, 26(12):3619-3626. Wu LJ, Li ZH, Yang MH, Wang PL. Response of leaf anatomical characteristics of Cyclobalanopsis gilva seedlings to drought stress[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2015, 26(12):3619-3626.
[24] 胡正海.植物解剖学[M].北京:高等教育出版社, 2010:100-101.
[25] 吴志瑰,付小梅,葛菲,褚小兰,范崔生.金粟兰属5种植物叶的形态与显微鉴别比较研究[J].中国中药杂志, 2013, 38(2):171-173. Wu ZG, Fu XM, Ge F, Chu XL, Fan CS. Comparative research on histological and microscopical leaves characters of five species in Chloranthus[J]. China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica, 2013, 38(2):171-173.
[26] 周守标,罗琦,李金花,王影.石蒜属12种植物叶片比较解剖学研究[J].植物分类与资源学报, 2006, 28(5):473-480. Zhou SB, Luo Q, Li JH, Wang Y. Comparative anatomy of leaves in 12 species of Lycoris (Amaryllidaceae)[J]. Acta Botanica Yunnanica, 2006, 28(5):473-480.
[27] 王萌,张利,赵红霞,万德光.中药丹参及其近缘种植物根的显微鉴定[J].药物分析杂志, 2010, 4(23):647-650. Wang M, Zhang L, Zhao HX, Wang DG. Microscopic identification of roots of Chinese herb Salvia miltiorrhiza and its relative species[J]. Chinese Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis, 2010, 4(23):647-650.
[28] 孙晓红,杨春娇,张大才.西藏东达山3种嵩草属植物叶片解剖结构的比较[J].西南林业大学学报(自然科学), 2019, 39(5):58-65. Sun XH, Yang CJ, Zhang DC. Comparison of leaf anatomical structure of 3 species of Kobresia in the Dongda Mountains, Tibet[J]. Journal of Southwest Forestry University (Natural Sciences), 2019, 39(5):58-65.
[29] 王玉,赵虎,洑香香.青钱柳营养器官的解剖结构及其生态适应性[J].东北林业大学学报, 2011, 39(10):40-44. Wang Y, Zhao H, Fu XX. Anatomical structures of vegetative organs of Cyclocarya paliurus and its ecological adaptability[J]. Journal of Northeast Forestry University, 2011, 39(10):40-44.
[30] Bosabalidis AM, Kofidis G. Comparative effects of drought stress on leaf anatomy of two olive cultivars[J]. Plant Sci, 2002, 163(2):375-379
[31] 刘雄盛,肖玉菲,王勇,黄荣林,姜英,等.江南油杉营养器官的解剖结构及其生态适应性[J].植物科学学报, 2020, 38(1):39-46. Liu XS, Xiao YF, Wang Y, Huang RL, Jiang Y, et al. Anatomical structures of vegetative organs of Keteleeria fortunei (Murr.) Carr. var. cyclolepis (Flous) Silba and its ecological adaptability[J]. Plant Science Journal, 2020, 38(1):39-46.
[32] 李凤英,梁士楚.元宝山南方红豆杉的解剖结构及其环境适应性[J].广西植物, 2013, 33(2):219-224. Li FY, Liang SC. Anatomical structure and environmental adaptability of Taxus wallichiana var. mairei in yuanbaoshan[J]. Guihaia, 2013, 33(2):219-224.
[33] 汪攀,陈奶莲,邹显花,马祥庆,吴鹏飞.植物根系解剖结构对逆境胁迫响应的研究进展[J].生态学杂志, 2015, 34(2):550-556. Wang P, Chen NL, Zou XH, Ma XQ, Wu PF. Research progress on adaptive responses of anatomical structure of plant roots to stress[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2015, 34(2):550-556.
[34] 刘雄盛,肖玉菲,蒋燚,李娟,林建勇,梁瑞龙.闽楠营养器官的解剖结构及其生态适应性[J].植物科学学报, 2018, 36(2):153-161. Liu XS, Xiao YF, Jiang Y, Li J, Lin JY, Liang RL. Anato-mical structures of the vegetative organs of Phoebe bournei (Hemsl.) Yang and ecological adaptability[J]. Plant Science Journal, 2018, 36(2):153-161.
[35] 李凤英,唐绍清,李先琨.南方红豆杉气生不定根的解剖结构及发育[J].海南大学学报, 2007, 25(2):152-155. Li FY, Tang SQ, Li XK. Anatomical structure and development of aerial adventitious roots of Taxus chinensis var. mairei[J]. Natural Science Journal of Hainan University, 2007, 25(2):152-155.
[36] 丁效东,张士荣,宋杰,冯固.不同抗盐机制对柽柳适应盐渍环境的贡献[J].干旱区研究, 2007, 24(2):207-212. Ding XD, Zhang SR, Song J, Feng G. Relative contribution of the three pathways, secretion, exclusion and accumulation of sodium to salt resistance in Tamarix laxa Willd[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2007, 24(2):207-212.
[37] 张翠梅,师尚礼,刘珍,杨帆,张振科.干旱胁迫对不同抗旱性苜蓿品种根系形态及解剖结构的影响[J].草业学报, 2019, 28(5):79-89. Zhang CM, Shi SL, Liu Z, Zhang F, Yang ZK. Effects to drought stress on the root morphology and anatomical structure of alfalfa (Medicago sativa) varieties with differing drought-tolerance[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2019, 28(5):79-89.
[38] 周智彬,李培军.我国旱生植物的形态解剖学研究[J].干旱区研究, 2002, 19(1):35-40. Zhou ZB, Li PJ. A review on the phytotomy research of xerophytes in China[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2002, 19(1):35-40.
[39] 秦海燕,索志荣,刘文静,刘文哲.丹参营养器官发育解剖学研究[J].西南科技大学学报, 2009, 24(1):108-113. Qin HY, Suo ZR, Liu WJ, Liu WZ. Development anatomy of Salvia miltiorrhiza vegetative organs[J]. Journal of Southwest University of Science and Technology, 2009, 24(1):108-113.
[40] 吕晋慧,王玄,冯雁梦,李艳锋,赵红霞,王媛.遮荫对金莲花光合特性和叶片解剖特征的影响[J].生态学报, 2012, 32(19):6033-6043. Lü JH, Wang X, Feng YM, Li YF, Zhao HX, Wang Y. Effects of shading on the photosynthetic characteristics and anatomical structure of Trollius chinensis Bunge[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2012, 32(19):6033-6043.
[41] 曾建亮,邓全恩,李建安,程军勇,邓先珍,姜德志. 6个油茶品种叶片解剖结构与耐寒性的关系[J].经济林研究, 2020, 38(1):117-124. Zeng JL, Deng QE, LI JA, Cheng JY, Deng XZ, Jiang DZ. Relationship between leaf anatomic structure and cold tolerance in six Camellia oleifera cultivars[J]. Non-wood Forest Research, 2020, 38(1):117-124.
[42] 李瑞雪,金晓玲,胡希军,柴弋霞,蔡梦颖,等. 6种含笑属植物抗寒性分析与综合评价[J].应用生态学报, 2017, 28(5):1464-1472. Li RX, Jin XL, Hu XJ, Cai GX, Cai MY, et al. Analysis and comprehensive evaluation on cold resistance of six varieties of Michelia[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2017, 28(5):1464-1472.
[43] 谭殷殷,金晓玲,余秋岫,孙凌霄.五种含笑属植物叶片抗寒结构指标的筛选与抗寒性评价[J].广西植物, 2021, 41(8):1296-1305. Tan YY, Jin XL, Yu QX, Sun LX. Screening of leaf cold-resistant structural indexes and cold-resistance evaluation of five Michelia species[J]. Guihaia, 2021, 41(8):1296-1305.